Visible to the unaided eye |
Brown dwarf or Sub-brown dwarf |
White dwarf |
Designation | Distance[6] (light-years(±err)) | Stellar class | Apparent magnitude (mV[5] or mJ) | Absolute magnitude (MV[5] or MJ) | Epoch J2000.0 | Parallax (mas(±err)) [5][note 1] | Discovery date [note 2] | Notes and additional references | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
System | Star | Right ascension[5] | Declination[5] | |||||||
Solar System | Sun | 0.0000158 | G2V[5] | −26.74 | 4.85 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | eight planets |
Alpha Centauri (Rigil Kentaurus) | Proxima Centauri (V645 Centauri) | 4.2441±0.0011 | M5.5Ve | 11.09 | 15.53 | 14h 29m 43.0s | −62° 40′ 46″ | 768.50±0.20[7] | 1915 | flare star, one planet (b) (2016), tentative evidence for second planet (c) (2019)[8] |
α Centauri A (HD 128620) | 4.3650±0.0068 | G2V[5] | 0.01 | 4.38 | 14h 39m 36.5s | −60° 50′ 02″ | 747.23±1.17 [9][10][11] | N/A | ||
α Centauri B (HD 128621) | K1V[5] | 1.34 | 5.71 | 14h 39m 35.1s | −60° 50′ 14″ | 1689 | one suspected planet (c) (2013) (planet b refuted in 2015) | |||
Barnard's Star (BD+04°3561a) | 5.9577±0.0032 | M4.0Ve | 9.53 | 13.22 | 17h 57m 48.5s | +04° 41′ 36″ | 547.45±0.29[7] | 1916 | flare star, largest known proper motion,[12] one known planet (b)[13] | |
Luhman 16 (WISE 1049−5319) | Luhman 16A | 6.5029±0.0011 | L8±1[14] | 10.7 J | 14.2 J | 10h 49m 15.57s | −53° 19′ 06″ | 501.557±0.082[15] | 2013 | one refuted planet (Ab[16] in 2017[17]) |
Luhman 16B | T1±2[14] | |||||||||
WISE 0855−0714 | 7.26±0.13[18] | Y2 | 25.0 J | 08h 55m 10.83s | −07° 14′ 42.5″ | 449±8[19] | 2014 | sub-brown dwarf | ||
Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) | 7.856±0.031 | M6.0V[5] | 13.44 | 16.55 | 10h 56m 29.2s | +07° 00′ 53″ | 415.16±1.62[20] | 1919 | flare star, has 2 known planets[21] | |
Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147) | 8.307±0.014 | M2.0V[5] | 7.47 | 10.44 | 11h 03m 20.2s | +35° 58′ 12″ | 392.64±0.67[22] | 1801 | one known planet (2019)[23] | |
Sirius (α Canis Majoris) | Sirius A | 8.659±0.010 | A1V[5] | −1.46 | 1.42 | 06h 45m 08.9s | −16° 42′ 58″ | 376.68±0.45[7] | N/A | brightest star in the night sky |
Sirius B | DA2[5] | 8.44 | 11.34 | 1844 | ||||||
Luyten 726-8 | Luyten 726-8 A (BL Ceti) | 8.791±0.012 | M5.5Ve | 12.54 | 15.40 | 01h 39m 01.3s | −17° 57′ 01″ | 371.0±0.5[7] | 1949 | flare star (Archetypal member) |
Luyten 726-8 B (UV Ceti) | M6.0Ve | 12.99 | 15.85 | |||||||
Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) | 9.7035±0.0019 | M3.5Ve | 10.43 | 13.07 | 18h 49m 49.4s | −23° 50′ 10″ | 336.123±0.064[7] | 1925 | flare star | |
Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) | 10.2903±0.0041 | M5.5Ve | 12.29 | 14.79 | 23h 41m 54.7s | +44° 10′ 30″ | 316.96±0.13[7] | 1925 | flare star | |
Epsilon Eridani (BD−09°697) | 10.446±0.016 | K2V[5] | 3.73 | 6.19 | 03h 32m 55.8s | −09° 27′ 30″ | 312.22±0.47[7] | 150 | three circumstellar disks, two suspected planets (AEgir (debated) and c) (2000 & 2002)[24] | |
Lacaille 9352 (CD−36°15693) | 10.7211±0.0016 | M0.5V | 7.34 | 9.75 | 23h 05m 52.0s | −35° 51′ 11″ | 304.219±0.045[7] | 1753 | has 3 known planets[25] | |
Ross 128 (FI Virginis) | 11.0074±0.0026 | M4.0Vn | 11.13 | 13.51 | 11h 47m 44.4s | +00° 48′ 16″ | 296.307±0.070[7] | 1925 | flare star, one planet (b) (2017)[26] | |
EZ Aquarii (Gliese 866, Luyten 789-6) | EZ Aquarii A | 11.109±0.034 | M5.0Ve | 13.33 | 15.64 | 22h 38m 33.4s | −15° 17′ 57″ | 293.60±0.9[27] | 1937 | A & B flare stars |
EZ Aquarii B | M? | 13.27 | 15.58 | 1937 | ||||||
EZ Aquarii C | M? | 14.03 | 16.34 | 1995 | ||||||
61 Cygni | 61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343) | 11.4008±0.0012 | K5.0V[5] | 5.21 | 7.49 | 21h 06m 53.9s | +38° 44′ 58″ | 286.08±0.03[7] | N/A | B flare star, first star (besides Sun) to have measured distance[28] possible circumstellar disk. |
61 Cygni B (BD+38°4344) | K7.0V[5] | 6.03 | 8.31 | 21h 06m 55.3s | +38° 44′ 31″ | 1725 | ||||
Procyon (α Canis Minoris) | Procyon A | 11.402±0.032 | F5V–IV[5] | 0.38 | 2.66 | 07h 39m 18.1s | +05° 13′ 30″ | 286.05±0.81 [9][10] | N/A | |
Procyon B | DQZ[5] | 10.70 | 12.98 | 1844 | ||||||
Struve 2398 (Gliese 725, BD+59°1915) | Struve 2398 A (HD 173739) | 11.4880±0.0012 | M3.0V[5] | 8.90 | 11.16 | 18h 42m 46.7s | +59° 37′ 49″ | 283.91±0.03[7] | 1835 | flare stars, star B has 2 known planets.[29] |
Struve 2398 B (HD 173740) | M3.5V[5] | 9.69 | 11.95 | 18h 42m 46.9s | +59° 37′ 37″ | 1835 | ||||
Groombridge 34 (Gliese 15) | Groombridge 34 A (GX Andromedae) | 11.6182±0.0008 | M1.5V[5] | 8.08 | 10.32 | 0h 18m 22.9s | +44° 01′ 23″ | 280.73±0.02[7] | 1813 | flare star, two suspected planets (Ac, 2017) and Ab, 2014)[30] |
Groombridge 34 B (GQ Andromedae) | M3.5V[5] | 11.06 | 13.30 | 1813 | flare star | |||||
DX Cancri (G 51-15) | 11.6780±0.0056 | M6.5Ve | 14.78 | 16.98 | 08h 29m 49.5s | +26° 46′ 37″ | 279.29±0.13[7] | 1972 | flare star | |
Tau Ceti (BD−16°295) | 11.753±0.022 | G8Vp[5] | 3.49 | 5.68 | 01h 44m 04.1s | −15° 56′ 15″ | 277.52±0.52[7] | N/A | one debris disk two planets (e and f) (2012), three suspected planets (d, g and h) (2012, 2017), two refuted planets (b and c in 2017) | |
Epsilon Indi (CPD−57°10015) | Epsilon Indi A | 11.869±0.011 | K5Ve[5] | 4.69 | 6.89 | 22h 03m 21.7s | −56° 47′ 10″ | 274.80±0.25[7] | N/A | one planet (b) (2018)[31] |
Epsilon Indi Ba | T1.0V | 12.3 J[32] | 22h 04m 10.5s | −56° 46′ 58″ | 2003 | |||||
Epsilon Indi Bb | T6.0V | 13.2 J[32] | 2003 | |||||||
GJ 1061 (LHS 1565) | 11.9803±0.0029 | M5.5V[5] | 13.09 | 15.26 | 03h 35m 59.7s | −44° 30′ 45″ | 272.245±0.066[7] | 1995 | has 3 known planets (2019)[33][34][35] | |
YZ Ceti (LHS 138) | 12.1084±0.0035 | M4.5V[5] | 12.02 | 14.17 | 01h 12m 30.6s | −16° 59′ 56″ | 269.363±0.078[7] | 1961 | flare star, three planets (b, c, and d) (2017),[36] one suspected planet (e) | |
Luyten's Star (BD+05°1668) | 12.199±0.036 | M3.5Vn | 9.86 | 11.97 | 07h 27m 24.5s | +05° 13′ 33″ | 267.36±0.79[37] | 1935 | two planets (b, c) (2017)[38] | |
Teegarden's Star (SO025300.5+165258) | 12.496±0.013 | M6.5V | 15.14 | 17.22 | 02h 53m 00.9sg | +16° 52′ 53″ | 261.01±0.27[7] | 2003 | tentative radial velocity variation (2010)[35][39] has 2 known planets (2019)[40][41] | |
SCR 1845-6357 | SCR 1845-6357 A | 12.571±0.054 | M8.5V[5] | 17.39 | 19.41 | 18h 45m 05.3s | −63° 57′ 48″ | 259.45±1.11 [note 3] | 2004 | [35] |
SCR 1845-6357 B | T6[42] | 13.3 J[32] | 18h 45m 02.6s | −63° 57′ 52″ | 2006 | |||||
Kapteyn's Star (CD−45°1841) | 12.8294±0.0013 | M1.5VI[5] | 8.84 | 10.87 | 05h 11m 40.6s | −45° 01′ 06″ | 254.226±0.026[7] | 1898 | two known planets (b and c) (2014)[43] | |
Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii) | 12.9515±0.0029 | M0.0V[5] | 6.67 | 8.69 | 21h 17m 15.3s | −38° 52′ 03″ | 251.829±0.056[7] | 1753 | flare star | |
Kruger 60 (BD+56°2783) | Kruger 60 A | 13.0724±0.0052 | M3.0V[5] | 9.79 | 11.76 | 22h 27m 59.5s | +57° 41′ 45″ | 249.5±0.1[7] | 1880 | B flare star |
Kruger 60 B (DO Cephei) | M4.0V[5] | 11.41 | 13.38 | 1890? | ||||||
DEN 1048-3956 | 13.1932±0.0066 | M8.5V[5] | 17.39 | 19.37 | 10h 48m 14.7s | −39° 56′ 06″ | 247.22±0.12[7] | 2001 | [44][45] | |
Ross 614 (V577 Monocerotis, Gliese 234) | Ross 614A (LHS 1849) | 13.424±0.049 | M4.5V[5] | 11.15 | 13.09 | 06h 29m 23.4s | −02° 48′ 50″ | 242.97±0.88[7] | 1927 | A flare star |
Ross 614B (LHS 1850) | M5.5V | 14.23 | 16.17 | 1936 | ||||||
UGPS J0722-0540 | 13.43±0.13 | T9[5] | 16.52 J[46] | 07h 22m 27.3s | –05° 40′ 30″ | 242.8±2.4[47] | 2010 | [48] | ||
Wolf 1061 (Gliese 628, BD−12°4523) | 14.0458±0.0038 | M3.0V[5] | 10.07 | 11.93 | 16h 30m 18.1s | −12° 39′ 45″ | 232.210±0.063[7] | 1919 | three planets (b, c, and d) (2015)[49] | |
Wolf 424 (FL Virginis, LHS 333, Gliese 473) | Wolf 424 A | 14.05±0.26 | M5.5Ve | 13.18 | 14.97 | 12h 33m 17.2s | +09° 01′ 15″ | 232.2±4.3[50] | 1919 | flare stars |
Wolf 424 B | M7Ve | 13.17 | 14.96 | 1941 | ||||||
Van Maanen's star (Gliese 35, LHS 7) | 14.0744±0.0023 | DZ7[5] | 12.38 | 14.21 | 00h 49m 09.9s | +05° 23′ 19″ | 231.737±0.038[7] | 1896 | closest known free-floating white dwarf, third known white dwarf possible debris disk (1917), possible planet (b) (2004) (debated) | |
Gliese 1 (CD−37°15492) | 14.1725±0.0037 | M1.5 V[5] | 8.55 | 10.35 | 00h 05m 24.4s | −37° 21′ 27″ | 230.133±0.060[7] | 1884 | ||
WISE 1639-6847 | 14.30±0.56[note 4] | Y0.5 | 20.57 J | 22.10 J | 16h 39m 40.9s | −68° 47′ 46″ | 228.1±8.9[51] | 2012 | ||
L 1159-16 (TZ Arietis, Gliese 83.1) | 14.5843±0.0070 | M4.5V[5] | 12.27 | 14.03 | 02h 00m 13.2s | +13° 03′ 08″ | 223.63±0.11[7] | unknown | flare star, has 3 known planets[52] | |
Gliese 674 (LHS 449) | 14.8387±0.0033 | M3.0V[5] | 9.38 | 11.09 | 17h 28m 39.9s | −46° 53′ 43″ | 219.801±0.049[7] | unknown | one planet (b) (2007)[53] | |
Gliese 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) | 14.8401±0.0022 | M3.0V[5] | 9.17 | 10.89 | 17h 36m 25.9s | +68° 20′ 21″ | 219.781±0.032[7] | unknown | possible flare star, one planet (b) (2014)[54] | |
LHS 292 (LP 731-58) | 14.885±0.011 | M6.5V[5] | 15.60 | 17.32 | 10h 48m 12.6s | −11° 20′ 14″ | 219.12±0.16[7] | unknown | flare star | |
WISE J0521+1025 | 16.3±4.2 | T7.5[55] | 15.26 J | 16.95 J | 05h 21m 26.3s | +10° 25′ 28″ | 217.5±40 | 2012 | distance highly uncertain | |
LP 145-141 (WD 1142-645, Gliese 440) | 15.1182±0.0023 | DQ6[5] | 11.50 | 13.18 | 11h 45m 42.9s | −64° 50′ 29″ | 215.737±0.032[7] | 1917 | ||
G 208-44 G 208-45 (GJ 1245) | G 208-44 A (V1581 Cyg) | 15.2090±0.0050 | M5.5V[5] | 13.46 | 15.17 | 19h 53m 54.2s | +44° 24′ 55″ | 214.45±0.07[7] | 1967 | flare stars |
G 208-45 | M6.0V[5] | 14.01 | 15.72 | 19h 53m 55.2s | +44° 24′ 56″ | 1967 | ||||
G 208-44 B | M5.5 | 16.75 | 18.46 | 19h 53m 54.2s | +44° 24′ 55″ | 1984 | ||||
Gliese 876 (Ross 780) | 15.2504±0.0054 | M3.5V[5] | 10.17 | 11.81 | 22h 53m 16.7s | −14° 15′ 49″ | 213.867±0.076[7] | unknown | four planets (d (2005), c (2001), b (1998), and e (2010))[56] two possible planets (f and g) (2014) (debated) | |
LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23) | 15.7703±0.0056 | M5.5V[5] | 13.90 | 15.51 | 10h 44m 21.2s | −61° 12′ 36″ | 206.817±0.074[7] | unknown | one tentative planet (b) (2007)[35] | |
GJ 1002 | 15.8164±0.0098 | M5.5V[5] | 13.76 | 15.40 | 00h 06m 43.8s | −07° 32′ 22″ | 206.21±0.13[7] | unknown | ||
Groombridge 1618 (Gliese 380) | 15.8797±0.0026 | K7.0V[5] | 6.59 | 8.16 | 10h 11m 22.1s | +49° 27′ 15″ | 205.392±0.034[7] | 1838 | flare star, one suspected debris disk, one suspected planet (b) (1989) (tentative) | |
DEN 0255-4700 | 15.885±0.020 | L7.5V[5] | 22.92 | 24.44 | 02h 55m 03.7s | −47° 00′ 52″ | 205.33±0.25[7] | 1999 | [45] | |
Gliese 412 | Gliese 412 A | 15.983±0.013 | M1.0V[5] | 8.77 | 10.34 | 11h 05m 28.6s | +43° 31′ 36″ | 204.06±0.17[7] | 1850s? | |
Gliese 412 B (WX Ursae Majoris) | M5.5V[5] | 14.48 | 16.05 | 11h 05m 30.4s | +43° 31′ 18″ | 1850s? | flare star | |||
Gliese 832 | 16.1939±0.0034 | M1.5 V[5] | 8.66 | 10.20 | 21h 33m 34.0s | −49° 00′ 32″ | 201.407±0.043[7] | 1910s? | possible flare star, two planets (b (2008) and c (2014))[57][58] | |
AD Leonis | 16.1970±0.0055 | M3.0V[5] | 9.32 | 10.87 | 10h 19m 36.4s | +19° 52′ 10″ | 201.368±0.068[7] | 1850s? | flare star, has 1 known planet.[59] | |
GJ 1005 | GJ 1005 A | 16.26±0.76[note 4] | M4V[60] | 11.48[60] | 00h 15m 28.11s | −16° 08′ 01.6″ | 200.5±9.4[60] | unknown | ||
GJ 1005 B | M7V | ? | ? | unknown | ||||||
System | Star | Distance[6] (Light-years(±err)) | Stellar class | Apparent magnitude (mV[5] or mJ) | Absolute magnitude (MV[5] or MJ) | Right ascension[5] | Declination[5] | Parallax (mas(±err)) [5][note 1] | Discovery date [note 2] | Notes and Additional references |
Designation | Epoch J2000.0 |
Star name | HIP number | Minimum distance (light-years) | Date of approach in 1000s of years | Current distance (light-years) | Stellar classification | Mass in M☉ | Current apparent magnitude | Current Constellation | Current Right ascension | Current Declination |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gliese 710 | 89825 | 0.178+0.043 −0.036 | 1280+41 −39 | 62.103±0.057 | K7V | 0.4–0.6 | 9.6 | Serpens | 18h 19m 50.843s | −01° 56′ 18.98″ |
Scholz's star and companion brown dwarf | N/A | 0.82+0.37 −0.22 | −78.5±0.7 | 22.2±0.2 | M9+T5 | A: 0.095 B: 0.063 | 18.3 | Monoceros | 07h 20m 03.20s | −08° 46′ 51.2″ |
HD 283856 | N/A | 1.13+0.75 −0.55 | 374+40 −34 | 290±17 | K0V (binary?) | ~0.8 | 10.46 | Taurus | 04h 48m 28.124s | +27° 00′ 39.06″ |
TYC 1662-1962-1 | N/A | 1.84+0.22 −0.21 | −1513+18 −19 | 284.5±1.0 | Early K | ~0.8 | 10.95 | Vulpecula | 21h 14m 32.911s | +21° 53′ 32.76″ |
HD 7977 | N/A | 1.88+0.18 −0.16 | −2798+44 −46 | 247.03±0.70 | G0V | ~1.2 | 9.04 | Cassiopeia | 01h 20m 31.597s | +61° 52′ 57.08″ |
2MASS J2146+3813 | N/A | 1.89+0.18 −0.15 | 84.4+8.0 −6.8 | 22.9603±0.0083 | M5V | ~0.15 | 10.82 | Cygnus | 21h 46m 22.285s | +38° 13′ 03.12″ |
2MASS J0634-7449 | N/A | 2.169+0.083 −0.080 | −898+12 −13 | 213.28±0.29 | mid K | ~0.6 | 12.69 | Mensa | 06h 34m 29.385s | −74° 49′ 47.12″ |
TYC 2730-1701-1 | N/A | 2.31+0.31 −0.29 | −714+21 −22 | 829.1±9.1 | G? | ~1 | 9.44 | Pegasus | 21h 50m 41.029s | +36h 20m 46.73s |
2MASS J0409+0245 | N/A | 2.684+0.088 −0.091 | 912±13 | 101.40±0.18 | Early M | ~0.4 | 11.73 | Taurus | 04h 09m 02.050s | +02° 45′ 38.32″ |
Gliese 3649 | N/A | 2.975+0.093 −0.089 | −509±12 | 54.415±0.048 | M1 | 0.49 | 10.85 | Leo | 11h 12m 38.97s | +18° 56′ 05.4″ |
2MASS J0605+4020 | N/A | 2.9+4.5 −2.1 | −860+210 −350 | 248±20 | K | ~0.5 | 12.07 | Auriga | 06h 05m 05.077s | +40° 20′ 37.72″ |
2MASS J1818-4038 | N/A | 3.0+1.3 −1.1 | 1049+54 −50 | 191.4±5.6 | K/M | ~0.5 | 11.97 | Corona Australis | 18h 18m 17.213s | −40° 38′ 39.48″ |
BD-21 1529 | N/A | 3.01+0.29 −0.28 | −1685+14 −15 | 374.1±1.8 | G5V | ~0.95 | 9.67 | Canis Major | 06h 37m 48.004s | −21° 22′ 21.94″ |
Ross 248 | N/A | 3.11+0.15 −0.14 | 39.2+1.9 −1.8 | 10.2903±0.0041 | M6V | 0.136 | 12.29 | Andromeda | 23h 41m 54.99s | +44° 10′ 40.8″ |
Proxima Centauri | 70890 | 3.1034±0.0033 | 28.677±0.054 | 4.2441±0.0011 | M5Ve | 0.15 | 11.05 | Centaurus | 14h 29m 42.949s | −62° 40′ 46.14″ |
Alpha Centauri AB | A: 71683 B: 71685 | 3.242±0.060 | 29.63+1.00 −0.98 | 4.321±0.024 | A: G2V B: K1V | A: 1.100 B: 0.907[66] | A: -0.01 B: +1.33 | Centaurus | 14h 39m 36.495s | −60° 50′ 02.31″ |
Gliese 445 | 57544 | 3.3365±0.0050 | 46.301±0.052 | 17.1424±0.0043 | M4 | 0.15? | 10.8 | Camelopardalis | 11h 47m 41.377s | +78° 41′ 28.18″ |
HIP 117795 | 117795 | 3.433±0.013 | 93.46±0.21 | 87.336±0.075 | K8V | ~0.5 | 10.6 | Cassiopeia | 23h 53m 20.014s | +59° 56′ 42.95″ |
2MASS J0625-2408 | N/A | 3.59+0.25 −0.27 | −1849+30 −31 | 537.1±2.7 | K/M | ~0.5 | 12.91 | Canis Major | 06h 25m 42.744s | −24° 08′ 35.02″ |
Barnard's Star | 87937 | 3.7604±0.0074 | 11.731±0.027 | 5.9577±0.0032 | sdM4 | 0.144 | 9.54 | Ophiuchus | 17h 57m 48.498s | +04° 41′ 36.25″ |
2MASS J2241-2759 | N/A | 3.79+0.67 −0.62 | −2809+53 −55 | 414.7±2.6 | K7V | ~0.5 | 12.28 | Piscis Austrinus | 22h 41m 50.996s | −27° 59′ 47.04″ |
Gliese 3379 | N/A | 4.194±0.016 | −156.13±0.52 | 16.9813±0.0063 | M3.5V | 0.19 | 11.31 | Orion | 06h 00m 03.824s | +02° 42′ 22.97″ |
Zeta Leporis | 27288 | 4.70+0.59 −0.51 | −860+45 −49 | 71.34±0.65 | A2Vann | 2.0 | 3.55 | Lepus | 05h 46m 57.341s | −14° 49′ 19.02″ |
Lalande 21185 | 54035 | 4.692±0.018 | 22.039+0.082 −0.081 | 8.307±0.014 | M2V | 0.39 | 7.52 | Ursa Major | 11h 03m 20.194s | +35° 58′ 11.55″ |
2MASS J1941-4602 | N/A | 4.854+0.087 −0.085 | −463.7+6.5 −6.7 | 66.996±0.066 | M4-M6 | ~0.15 | 12.4 | Telescopium | 19h 41m 53.18s | −46° 02′ 31.4″ |
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(help)(page 92) Ich bin daher der Meinung, daß nur die jährliche Parallaxe = 0'3136 als das Resultat der bisherigen Beobachtungen zu betrachten istA parallax of 313.6 mas yields a distance of 10.4 light years
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(help)The planet, more than four times the mass of the Earth, is one of three that the team detected around a red dwarf star called Wolf 1061.
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